Non Prescription ADHD Medication
For many people with ADHD, the first step towards treatment is medication. The use of medication can help improve focus and reduce the risk of impulsivity.
The most common medication used for ADHD is stimulants. They work by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. They come in both short-acting as well as long-acting versions.
1. Stimulants
Many people suffering from ADHD are prescribed stimulants, which increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels within the brain. These medications aid them in being able to focus, pay attention, and manage impulses. They may also reduce the symptoms of depression or anxiety. Doctors prescribe them in a variety of forms, ranging from liquid chewable tablets to extended-release capsules which can last for up to 16 hours. Long-lasting medications can help prevent "ups and downs" during the day, however certain people may require supplementation with a short-acting medicine in the afternoon or evening.
Stimulants can cause side effects like heart palpitations, changes in vision, and ringing in the ears. They also can raise blood pressure and affect appetite. They can also have long-term effects on the developing brains of teens and children, which is why doctors take care when prescribing them.
Amphetamines, which is a kind of stimulant, are legally prescribed as ADHD medication and may help people focus better. They come in the form of amphetamines, and are usually taken orally in powder or tablet form however they can be smoked or injected. People with ADHD can use them for weight loss or to boost their energy. They are more likely to be abused. People with eating disorders could also utilize them to aid in overcoming their issues.
The NSDUH survey does not ask for specific brands or types of drugs, instead, it asks if a person has ever used prescription ADHD stimulants in a non-medical fashion. This could underestimate the number of people who have used other substances than those prescribed for ADHD. The report does not contain information on the reasons for drug use. This is vital.
Some people with ADHD may be able to reduce their use of stimulants that are not medically prescribed by coordinating their time and tasks differently and ensuring that they are able to spend time with family and rest. Some people experience relief after learning about natural alternatives to medications like oligomeric prosanthocyanidins. These biochemical compounds can be found in plant extracts such as green tea, pine bark and grape. Greenblatt has seen patients regain their ability to write after taking OPC supplements.
2. Ritalin
Ritalin (methylphenidate) is a central nerve system stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children and adults. adhd medication side effects does this by increasing levels of certain chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain that help people concentrate and focus their attention. Typically, the drug is taken orally, but it can be injected. In the wrong hands, the drug can result in severe physical and psychological addiction. Injection users face a number of complications, including blood-borne diseases like HIV, the hepatitis B and C due to fillers with insoluble substances that block small blood vessels. Abuse of this medication is also linked to psychotic episodes.
In general, most ADHD medications work by changing the way that neurotransmitters (such as norepinephrine and dopamine) are utilized in the brain to decrease symptoms of the disorder, such as impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve concentration and focus, reduce fidgeting and other distracting behaviours and increase the possibility to follow an agenda or a task. Doctors may prescribe a variety of drugs to treat ADHD. They will consult with their patients to determine what dosage and schedule is best for them.
Common side effects occur when stimulants are prescribed to treat ADHD. These side effects are typically moderate, but they can also include stomach upset, headaches and rapid heartbeats, difficulty sleeping and changes in bloodpressure. The symptoms usually go away on their own or after a couple of days as the body gets used to the medicine. Some sufferers develop tolerance to drugs, meaning that a higher dose is required to achieve the same effects. This could lead to addiction and withdrawal symptoms if the dose is suddenly reduced, or even stopped.
When you are taking stimulants, it's important to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, especially ones for treating depression or sleep disorders, as they can interact with this class of medications. You should also provide a complete list of any items, drinks or herbal remedies that you take. This information will allow your doctor to select a medication which won't interfere your current treatment.
3. Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are manufactured by humans that cause mild to severe depress of the nerves in the brain (central nervous system) and the sensation of sedation. They increase the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is neurotransmitter that nerves in the brain to communicate. The increase in the effects of GABA slows down your brain activity and benzodiazepines may help with seizures and anxiety.
Alprazolam (Xanax), diazepam, Valium and clobazam are all drugs in this class. These drugs can be highly addictive and cause breathing difficulties, which could result in a coma, or even death. This is especially true when they are combined with alcohol or other depressants such as opioid painkillers. If you stop taking them prematurely they could also trigger severe withdrawal symptoms. Because of their high risk of abuse, it is recommended to keep benzodiazepines inside a locked box and only take them when prescribed by your physician.
These medications are typically used "off-label" for ADHD that is, they're not endorsed by the FDA to treat this condition. However, research has shown that they can be effective for certain people who don't get relief from stimulants or tolerate the effects well. They do not cause or exacerbate the tics associated with Tourette syndrome and can be administered to children as young to 6 years old.
Be aware that benzodiazepines could increase suicidal feelings or thoughts in some teens, children and adults during or shortly after treatment. Discuss with your physician any concerns you have or if you have any history of suicide in your family. Tell your provider all medications that you or your child are taking, including vitamins and over-the-counter supplements. Certain medications may have harmful side effects and interact with benzodiazepines. Your doctor will suggest an appropriate treatment and medication that's right for you or your child. Follow the plan and be patient -- it could take some time to see improvement. Some patients require benzodiazepines for long periods of time. The medications in this class are often taken as a combination with other treatments to enhance symptom relief. This is typical in adults who are unable to tolerate stimulants.
4. Atomoxetine
This medication is a selective reuptake norepinephrine inhibitor. It works by increasing the natural brain chemical that helps control impulses and improve focus. It is typically prescribed as a component of a treatment program for ADHD and may be employed on its own or in conjunction with other medications. It is also beneficial for people with co-morbid conditions such as depression or anxiety. Atomoxetine is available in capsule or liquid form and should be taken every day with a glass water. The side effects are usually mild, although they can include headaches and abdominal pain in adolescents and children. In the case of a more severe reaction, such as suicidal thoughts or an allergic reaction, seek immediate medical attention.
It can take up to two weeks for atomoxetine start working and it may be several months before the full effect is noticeable. It is usually recommended for children who are at risk of consuming stimulants and for adults with multiple disorders. According to one review, this medication is particularly effective in those with the inattention subtype of ADHD.
However, it's not suitable for all patients suffering from adolescent onset ADHD or those who suffer from comorbid anxiety or tics. This medication should not be taken by those who have a family history of pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal glands or glaucoma. It is crucial to inform your doctor about any other health concerns that might be present prior to taking atomoxetine.
Nonstimulant medications are a viable option for those who are unable to take stimulant medications due to glaucoma or heart conditions. According to the Child Mind Institute these medications work by altering chemicals in certain brain regions. They are approved for children as young as teenagers and adults. Some of these medications include clonidine (Kapvay) and Guanfacine (ER) (Intuniv).
These medications may cause side effects, such as an increase in blood pressure and sinus tachycardia (irregular or fast heartbeat) or interfere with other medications your child is taking. They may also interact with medication for anxiety and depression.